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To strike the golf ball above its center point or equator, typically resulting in a low, weak shot that doesn't achieve proper trajectory or distance. Topping occurs when the club's leading edge contacts the upper portion of the ball rather than making clean contact through the ball's equator. This swing fault often stems from technical issues such as early head movement, improper spine angle, or poor weight distribution. Learning to avoid topping is fundamental to consistent ball-striking and requires maintaining proper posture and allowing the club to bottom out after ball contact.