Rough

The longer, thicker grass areas that border fairways and surround greens, designed to penalize errant shots while adding strategic complexity and visual definition to golf holes. Rough length and density vary by course design philosophy, with championship setups often featuring penal rough that significantly challenges recovery shots. Playing from rough requires different techniques, club selections, and strategic considerations compared to fairway lies. Course superintendents carefully manage rough conditions to balance challenge with playability, considering factors like grass type, height, density, and seasonal growing conditions.